Latrodectus variolus (Northern Black Widow Spider)

Common Names: Northern Black Widow, Northern Widow

Habitat: The Northern Black Widow is native to North America, particularly in the eastern United States and southeastern Canada. This species favors woodland areas, woodpiles, sheds, and other sheltered locations where it can build its irregular webs. It is commonly found in environments with dense vegetation or debris that provides cover and protection.

Description: Latrodectus variolus is a medium-sized widow spider, with females typically measuring 8-13 mm in body length. It is primarily glossy black, with a distinctive series of red spots or an hourglass shape on the underside of its abdomen. Unlike the Southern Black Widow, the hourglass on Latrodectus variolus is often broken into two separate red triangles. Additionally, this species may have red or white markings along the top of the abdomen, making it easily distinguishable from other widow species.

Interesting Facts: The Northern Black Widow is often confused with its close relative, the Southern Black Widow (Latrodectus mactans), but it can be differentiated by its unique hourglass pattern and geographical range. Like other widow spiders, it is known for its strong, sticky web, which is used to capture prey. Despite its fearsome reputation, Latrodectus variolus is not aggressive and typically only bites in self-defense.

Venom Potency: The venom of Latrodectus variolus is neurotoxic, similar to that of other widow spiders. It can cause symptoms such as muscle pain, cramps, and localized sweating, with some cases resulting in more severe systemic effects. However, bites are rare and generally occur only when the spider is threatened. Most bites do not result in serious medical complications, but caution is advised when handling or encountering this species.

Disclaimer: While the venom of Latrodectus variolus is potent, it is not typically life-threatening. Bites are rare and usually only occur when the spider is provoked. If bitten, it is important to seek medical attention, as symptoms can vary. Handle this species with care and respect to avoid unnecessary risks.